teristics of Type 304 stainless steel are given in Figures 4 and 5. 1 (20 ℃) 16. Type 304L Stainless Steel. The k-factor is just a multiplier that provides a precise estimate of the new position of the neutral axis. Defining the Neutral Axis To understand the k-factor,. 0, 115 metric. We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us. 1 in (inch) = 25. Alloy 304L a T-300 series stainless steel austenitic, which has a minimum of 18% chromium and 8% nickel. Melting Range: 2550-2650°F (1399-1454°C) We offer a wide range of 304 stainless steel options to meet your various needs. DIN 913 Flat Point; DIN 914 Cone Point; DIN 915 Dog Point; DIN 916 / ISO 4029 Cup Point; A2/A4 Stainless Steel; DIN 479-8. Conclusion In this contribution, FCGR of IPE 80 beams made of AISI 304 stainless steel and AISI 316 were analyzed. Hot Working. 93 g/cm3 (0. 3 1. 4301 / AISI 304 is the standard austenitic chromium-nickel stainless steel. 2 and 2. Morton, S. 15 8. SAE 304 stainless steel is the most common stainless steel. One cubic meter of 304 stainless steel weighs 7,930 kg. Stainless Steel Producers, or any of the member companies represented on the Committee. Low carbon content means less carbide precipitation in the heat-affected zone during welding and a lower susceptibility to intergranular corrosion. 5. The molybdenum gives 316 better overall corrosion resistant properties than Grade 304, particularly higher resistance to pitting and crevice corrosion in chloride environments. 286 lb/in3). 4401 and 1. AISI 304 stainless steel (UNS S30400) is the most widely used austenitic chromium-nickel stainless steel. 2" | 5. 22Stainless Steel 296 x 10 -5 35 x 10–5 Copper 326 x 10 -5 44 x 10 -5. Stainless steel 7,600 - 8,100 5. We provide the services you need, for the materials you rely on, in the sizes & weights you want. Their composition is given in Table 1. Type 304L stainless steel is an extra-low carbon version of the 304 steel alloy. 0 g/cm3); melting point is 1375-1400 °C (2500-2550 °F); 0. 9 - 6. The method correcting point-by-point the true stress-strain data in the range of non-uniform deformation by the use of finite element analysis has been introduced for stainless steel [24, 32]. 0. Neutral Axis Representation. For tubing of 304 / 304L stainless steel, replace SS in the ordering number with 304L. 3 W/m-k (100°C) Modulus of Elasticity (MPa): 193 x 103 in tension. Determination of J -integral and stress intensity factor using the commercial FE software ABAQUS in austenitic stainless steel (AISI 304) platesAlloy 304 a T-300 series stainless steel austenitic, which has a minimum of 18% chromium and 8% nickel. Microform Precision, LLC 4244 South Market Court, Suite A Sacramento, CA 95834 Phone: (916) 419-0580 Fax: (916) 419-0577 Email: [email protected]%) metals as the main non-iron constituents. The k-factor can be calculated from the bend allowance. Essentially non-magnetic, becomes slightly magnetic when cold worked. This property has resulted in 304 being the dominant grade used in applications like. 85 Ground Sheet 1720-2010 (938-1099) . hutama says. 45 1. SUS 316. 15%, and the minimum chromium content is only 1% less than 304. The density of stainless steel 304 is 7. 4481; Chemtrec: 800. 4 mm. Download the free PDF here. First, we must start with the k factor: Another way to determine the k factor is by following the “rule of thumb”. 3 and 0. ASME. 55 to 1mm R1 10v 0. Refer to Tubing Data439 - UNS S43035: AISI Type 439 (also known as ASTM XM-8) is a ferritic stainless steel designed to resist corrosion in a variety of oxidizing environments from fresh water to boiling acids. This grade belongs to austenitic stainless-steel group. Stainless Steels Transport, chemical and food processing plant, nuclear plant, domestic ware (cutlery,. The torque values are approved for spiral wound graphite. 3 and Table 1 indicate the marked difference in the surface roughness factor for 304 and 316 stainless steel irradi- ated with 100 keV ^e4' ions to doses up to 0. 3236. I am primarily processing stainless steel, 304 and 316, with a range of thickness from 1. DIN 84 Slotted Cheese Head A2 Stainless; DIN 963 Slotted Flat Countersunk A2 Stainless; DIN 965 Phillips Flat Countersunk A2 Stainless Steel; DIN. It is still sometimes referred to by its old name 18/8 which is derived from the nominal composition of type 304 being 18% chromium and 8% nickel. They are a combination of martensitic and austenitic steels. Just select a k factor according to your material from the table below. 10/19 schedule 40 steel pipes. 166: S-440-X: 4-40. alloy steel fasteners. ₹ 60 / Kg. To understand the k-factor, you need a firm grasp of a few basic terms, the first being the neutral axis. This has been attributed to the nature of the grain boundary or the misorientation angle (proximity to low coincident site lattice – CSL). 12 Mild Steel, Liquid 2910-3270 (1599-1793) . The K-factor is defined mathematically as t/Mt, where t is the neutral axis location and Mt is the material thickness. Type 304 steel is part of the 3xx stainless steels or those alloys which are blended with chromium and nickel. 44 and 0. Typical Applications: Food processing equipment, particularly in beer brewing, milk processing & winemaking, Kitchen benches, sinks,. Stainless Steel Stainless steel is a family of iron-based alloys that must contain at least 10. Contains 18% chromium and 8% nickel. Essentially non-magnetic, becomes slightly magnetic when cold worked. 0 % strain vs. AISI 304 – industrially denoted as 18/8, is an austenitic chromium-nickel stainless steel. 045” 304 Stainless Steel – 20 gauge ( 0. 1. This issue can be overcome with annealing. While 304 stainless steel is a higher-priced option. Grade 316 is the standard molybdenum-bearing grade, second in importance to 304 amongst the austenitic stainless steels. Grade 330 stainless steel can be welded using GAW techniques. The ideal temperature to avoid grain growth on annealed 304 stainless steels (solution conditioned) is found to be 666°C. By continuing to browse this site you agree to our use of cookies. Bolts of stainless steel (CRES)are available in a variety of. Steel is the global backbone material of industrialized societies, with more than 1. K factor depends on material, thickness and machine. 08% C), as there is existing evidence of its enhanced ductility under pulsed loading (Zhang and Yuan, 2009). K factor represents the useful torque producing the bolt tension, aËout 10% of the total b. Datasheet-3: The following table lists 1. It is still sometimes referred to by its old name 18/8 which is derived from the nominal composition of type 304 being 18% chromium and 8% nickel. Th e GTA welds wer produced at th e author's laboratory, whil th SAAbstract and Figures. Applications. The austenitic Types 309 and 310, containing. vii 19. 780 NW 185th Ave #304 is a 956 square foot condo with 2 bedrooms and 2 bathrooms. If a material is 0. Type 304 steel is part of the 3xx stainless steels or those alloys which are blended with chromium and nickel. 093". Stainless Steel Prices/Nickel Prices. Steel Cold Rolled 200 (93) . 2. While type 316L substitutesInterrelation between acoustic emission (AE) and stress intensity factor (K) has been examined using data generated during deformation of a series of single edge-notched tensile specimens. Zheng, C. 237) 0. 001 and 0. Type 304 is the most versatile and widely used stainless steel. Calculate Thermal Pipe Expansion. For both the stainless steel and silver coating, the emissivity is approximately linear as a function of temperature from 80 K to. 5mm Stainless Steel Sheet. สแตนเลส 304 Stainless Steel Round Bars/Sheets. Neutral Axis Representation. It is an economical and versatile corrosion resistant alloy suitable for a wide range of general purpose applications. Sheared Size. Page: F_102905. Bu Maming says. - carbon steel. 153 Washington Avenue, PO box 294 North Haven, CT USA, 06473-1191 Emergency Number: 203. Globally, 304 accounts for more than 50% of stainless steel consumed. It is still sometimes referred to by its old name 18/8 which is derived from the nominal composition of type 304 being 18% chromium and 8% nickel. It can maintain good strength and heat resistance in high temperature and low temperature environments, and also has good corrosion resistance, weldability, cold workability and mechanical properties in the mild atmosphere. com Get a Quote: quote@mform. Alloy 24ST. An average and commonly used value for the K-factor is 0. After reading this article, if you still have confused about Carbon Steel and Stainless Steel. This means that the neutral axis cannot migrate past the midpoint of the material (i. Pure aluminum has a thermal conductivity of about 235 watts per kelvin per meter. 048". The strength and limitation of the different creep–fatigue life predictions which are usually used for 304 SS are also reviewed on the basis of. 67 °F: Specific Heat: 490: 530: J/kg. Mater. . Other stainless Weight & Density of Stainless Steel 304, 316, 304L & 316L. Bushing for chain. Over small temperature ranges, the thermal expansion of uniform linear objects is proportional to temperature change. Also the notation is important: “Ra ≤ 0. Hal inilah yang membuat Stainless Steel 304 menjadi material stainless yang paling serbaguna dan paling banyak digunakan. Mechanical Engineer. SS304 density is 7,930 kg/m3 (0. 4301: EN Designation: X5CrNi18-10: AISI/SAE: 304: UNS: S30400: Description. It has better temperature resistance than 304 stainless steel. Manufacturer: Viking. 463 0. 10 Mild Steel, Smooth 75 (24) . Includes additional data and reference information carefully. 25% sodium metabisulfite. Three general classifications are used to identify stainless steels. It contains high nickel content that is typically between 8 and 10. The K-factor is used to determine the length of the metal plate stretched during the bending process. 304 stainless steel costs about $2000/ton. 4301 and 1. 35. X 6 CrNiMo 17-12-03. R – inside bend radius in m. 4. Similar to SUS304, SS304 also contains 18% Cr and 8% Ni and is, therefore, referred to as 18/8. Our free online sheet metal bending calculator enables you to rapidly determine the crucial parameters in sheet metal bending calculations, such as the K-factor, Y-factor, bend allowance, bend deduction, arc length, and unfolding flat size. 8 Steel Plain Finish 0. Low carbon content means less carbide precipitation in the heat-affected zone during welding and a lower susceptibility to intergranular corrosion. To help you begin I’ve included a K-Factor Chart below which contains common K-Factor starting points, good for general fabrication, for steel, aluminum and stainless steel. After about 4-5 runs our enigneering department and our manufacturing department settled on the . When the stress intensity factor K I. This form of grade 301 may be used in. 4. Our market analysis draws on our multi-commodity capabilities across nickel, ferroalloys and steel to provide an in-depth examination of stainless steel flat products globally. 25m) 3000mm x 1500mm (3m x 1. 17 found in seemingly identical fasteners here results in a substantial clamp load variation. 01. 5 in) - 2 (0. Get Started. However, grade 410 steels are less corrosion resistant than austenitic grades and grade 430 ferritic alloys containing 17% chromium. Knowing both. In the process of making stainless steel, alloying elements such as chromium (Cr), nickel (Ni), manganese (Mn), silicon (Si), titanium (Ti), and molybdenum (Mo) are added to improve its performance and make it resistant to corrosion, or rust-free. 56% and 7. Roughness (mm) Drawn Tubing, Glass, Plastic. The range of Machinability is vast and spans from about 40% for difficult to machine steels, such as bearing steel ( SAE 52100 / DIN 100Cr6) up to Ledloy free-cutting steel (SAE 12L14 / DIN 9SMnPb36) that has a machinability rate of about 170%. K Factor: 8. ” When a flat piece of material is bent the inside face of the bend is compressed and the outside part stretches. Besides, the alloy has other favorable properties, including excellent fabrication characteristics, low-temperature non-magnetic strength [down to -320 °F (-196 °C)], and. Advertisement. 307 respectively. World Material 153 posts. These are 304 SS material. g. Stainless Steel 304 & 305 Ulbrich Stainless Steels & Special Metals, Inc. i use inventor and have now got astoundingly accurate components to these k factors. Density. More complete picture about the strain hardening exponent in the stress–strain curve on This page was last edited on 26 September 2021, at 09:02 (UTC). stainless steel and another metallic component, not necessarily stainless. Now consider that 316 grade stainless steel contains a minimum 2. 4016 (AISI 430) and their variants are the best-known. Type 304 stainless steel is an. However, continuous use at 425-860°C is not recommended if corrosion resistance in water is required. On the other hand, 316 SS functions well in temperatures above 1550 ℉ and below 850°F. 4 Btu/ft·h·°F at 212 °F), tensile strength is 515 MPa (75 ksi), yield strength is 205 MPa (30 ksi). K-factor (aeronautics), the number of pulses expected for every one volumetric unit of fluid passing through a given flow meter. 33 in practical use and at my shop they use as small as 0. EN 12201 - Polyethylene (PE) Pipes for Water Supply, and for Drainage and Sewerage under Pressure - Dimensions Dimensions of PE pipes according EN 12201. We work on material from 6061-T6 aluminum to AISI 304 stainless, ranging anywhere from 20ga to as thick as 3/8 plate. At exactly the same torque level of 24 foot pounds, variations between 4500 pounds and 6700 pounds are experienced. You can easily modify the Material Thickness, Inside Radius and K-Factor for each thickness at the top of each column. In conclusion, 304 and 410 stainless steel have advantages and disadvantages. 20: Zinc-Plated: 0. Grade 310S is a lower carbon version, less prone to embrittlement and sensitisation in service. . Stainless steel, also known as inox, corrosion-resistant steel (CRES) and rustless steel, is an alloy of iron that is resistant to rusting and corrosion. 0mm. The microstructures of the 𝜎 phase were studied in Fe-29Cr-8W ferritic stainless steel aged at 850°C for different aging times []. The quality of welded joints was. steel shapes and built-up members (Refs. 0% molybdenum. 304 stainless steel (304ss) is the most employed material in the water supply system (WSS), due to its attractive combinations of mechanical properties and corrosion resistance [1, 2]. --bend allowance less than 90 degrees. 027652 (0. Sheet Metal Bend Allowance Chart (PDF) Sheet Metal Bend Allowance Chart (Excel) BEND ALLOWANCE; 8 Gauge: 10 Gauge: 12 Gauge: 14 Gauge: 16 Gauge: 18 Gauge: 20 Gauge: 22 Gauge: 24 Gauge: K factor: 0. At 77!K and 380!K the ductility of type 304 stainless steel with internal hydrogen is not degraded. So, if erosion resistance is a key factor, stainless steel is the best approach. Thermal expansion of pipes and tubes - stainless steel, carbon steel, copper, plastics and more. The tool can calculate the required bending force for bending aluminum, stainless steel, mild steel, and Weldox® or Strenx® high-strength steels. 스테인레스 304 . Friction Factor of Stainless Steel Pipes. SI unit: W/m·K or W/m·°C; Imperial unit: Btu/ft·h·°F; Thermal Conductivity of Stainless Steel. 424. We use cookies to enhance your experience. 4016 hot and cold-rolled sheets/plates and strips, semi-finished products, rods, wire, sections and bright products for general purpose. 2. TerraPowerMost of our threaded connections use thread inserts of some kind, mostly helicoil, or PEM. 045,The coefficient of linear thermal expansion (CTE, CLTE, α, or α1) is a material property that is indicative of the extent to which a material expands upon heating. 33: K factor:. deg. 1 is normalized to 1 mm at 0° rake, we need to calculate the actual specific cutting force KC coefficient suitable for our conditions. It is the most versatile and most widely used stainless steel available, even though a wide range of alternatives are available; and has excellent forming and welding characteristics. Stainless steel grades 304 and 316 are the most commonly used in the food and beverage industry ( 19 ). It is a general term for stainless acid-resistant steel, which resists corrosion from atmospheric, acid, alkali, salt, and other media. They withstand washdowns with harsh cleaners and sanitizers. The price of stainless steel is influenced heavily by the price of underlying commodities. Reducer Sanitary Stainless SS 304 4 x 1 1/2 inchi. 4310 stainless steel physical properties, including density, specific heat capacity, electrical resistivity, modulus of elasticity, thermal conductivity, and coefficient of thermal expansion. ASTM A193/A193M B8MA Class 1A All 75,000 30,000 B90 Where cost is a larger factor than a life span, 430 may be more suitable. Stainless Steel2 indicates that austenitic stainless steels suffer from the same types of distortion during welding as carbon steel, but the higher coefficient of expansion (17 μm/m°C versus 12 μm/ m°C for carbon steel) and the lower thermal conductivity (approximately 30% of carbon steel) increase distortion of austenitic stainless steel. 1. and S. At this level, chromium reactsthis data to the K factor of 3x10-10 obtained against carbon steel shows that minimal wear could be expected using brass surface. The material was evaluated up to 50% reduction in thickness. 03 at 395. The annealing temperature for grade 304 is between 1100°C and 1150°C (2012°F and 2102°F). Z 6 CND 17-12. 51, and the emissivity of stainless steel 304 with surface roughness 2. The following datasheet provides an overview of grade 304N stainless steel. Stainless Steel A286 is a precipitation-hardenable super-alloy based on iron. 36%, respectively. It is magnetic, but less. In this work, two grades of Austenitic Stainless Steel are investigated, namely ASS 304L and ASS 316L. 0. Low-carbon steel (annealed) 0. 11 to 0. We want to know the final length of the detail. 5: Tellurium:. 4 Btu/ft·h·°F at 212 °F), yield. K. Sustainable building with Stainless steel - The David L. r. 000. High ductility, excellent drawing, forming, and spinning properties. 5 15 4000 30° R1 16v 0. 4301 S30403/EN 1. The chemical compositions of the three heats of base metal and the three heats of filler metal are given in Table 1, and the room temperature me chanical properties are listed in Table 2. 15/0. 73: 2641. It is difficult to perform cold working in grade 330 stainless steel as the steel has high strength and work hardening rate. 80 Steel Alloys Type 301, Polished 75 (24) . Radius Thickness. X 6 CrNiMo 17 12 2. 40 mm 0. 286 pound, per cubic foot is 495 pounds. - stainless steel AISI 304. Cutting speed should be lower, the feed higher, tooling and equipment heavier. Stainless steel types 1. SS to SS Friction Factor. 030. Stainless Steel. Zapp – Stainless Steel (301, 302, 304, 304L, 305, 309, 310, 310S, 316, 316L, 321, 347, 350, 430, 17-7PH, 18SR) Version Date: January 25, 2011 Page 3 of 8 4. SS304 has great weldability, heat and corrosion resistance, low-temperature strength. Choose an option Mirror Polished Satin Polished. More info. Ferrite Structural Steels Private Limited. the ideal heat treatment technique for stainless steel AISI 304 and proposed that specimens have the maximum hardness value at 666°C [6]. 1 mm can be made in polypropylene PP, aluminum or stainless steel. 286 lb/in3. Density also known as specific mass or specific gravity, is a measure of the mass in a specific volume. Loctite 242 is a lubricant. 4301 stainless steel samples, a material commonly used in mechanical engineering, were used as a test material. This table contains typical values of absolute roughness for common construction materials. The K-factor is calculated based on value ranges and is used to determine the following: Tube bending feasibility (whether it is in fact possible to bend a round, square or rectangular tube) Predicted difficulty. Additional Information: NOTICE: The product details indicated below are for general reference only and may vary based on the specific product approval and/or application. If we know the Reynolds number and the roughness - the friction coefficient - λ - in the particular flow can be calculated. The material used is 304 stainless steel (abbreviated as SS-304, also known as 18–8 stainless steel), with a basic element composition of 18% Cr and 8% Ni (and less than 0. 3 W/m-k (100°C) Modulus of Elasticity (MPa): 193 x 103 in tension. (2022b), Seitl et al. 286 pound, per cubic foot is 495 pounds. 375 in. It’s a member of the austenitic family of stainless steels, which means that 304 stainless also contains nickel in addition to chromium. Generally, many secondary phases (e. 4. The 𝜎 phase can precipitate. 1. JIS G 4305, Cold-rolled stainless steel plate, sheet and strip [9] EN 10151, Stainless steel strip for springs ? Technical delivery conditions [10] ISO 9444-1, Continuously hot-rolled stainless steel ? Tolerances on dimensions and form ? Part 1: Narrow strip and cut lengths [11] ISO 9444-2, Continuously hot-rolled stainless steel ? Tolerances. 5. The best known grade is AISI 304 stainless, which contains both chromium (between 15% and 20%) and nickel (between 2% and 10. The alloys are used widely in. 304L can, therefore, be used "as welded" in severe corrosion environments, and it eliminates the need for. Bend Radii And K Factors For 304 Stainless Steel. K Factor: Advanced users only? K Factor is a torque coefficient between bolt and receptacle. 5% chromium content by mass. 446. One disadvantage of 304 is that it is non-hardenable by heat treatment. More Details About Each Stainless Steel Grade. 6mm (24- gauge), weighing about 136 tonnes. We use K factor of . Introduction American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI) type 304 is the foundation of 300 series austenitic stainless steels is by far the oldest, largest and most important group in the stainless steel range [1]. d = Pitch Diameter (m) K Df = Nut Friction Diameter (m) μ = oefficient of Friction Fastener Material Coefficient of Friction (μ) K-Factor 304 Stainless Steel 0. SS 304 stainless steel physical properties are listed in the table below such as density, melting point, specific heat, electrical resistivity, elastic modulus (modulus of elasticity), thermal conductivity, and coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE). Cold rolled steel: 0. The lower carbon content in 304L minimizes deleterious or harmful carbide precipitation as a result of welding. 14 Mild Steel, Polished 75 (24) . What K Factor. Step 5. As a leader in price assessments, CRU releases monthly prices for chrome. Type 304 is the most versatile and widely used stainless steel. As a guideline the emmisivities below are based on temperature 300 K. Material Thermal Properties Database. 9 9. Thermal Conductivity - k - is the quantity of heat transmitted due to an unit temperature gradient, in unit time under steady conditions in a direction normal to a surface of the unit area. The corrosion resistance of grade 304 stainless steel makes it ideal for food processing equipment and surgical instruments. His paper was a compilation and critical analysis of the values of 2 that had been published TENSILE STRESS-STRAIN RESULTS FOR 304L AND 316L STAINLESS STEEL1 PLATE AT TEMPERATURE R. 66 9. Ad. 0. INTRODUCTION In 1983, Bogaard [1 ] presented a paper on the thermal conductivity (2) of AISI 304 stainless steel (SS) between 100 and 1707 K. 36 It is easy to scale-up and offers stability for long-term operation of MFCs. 463 0. material and thickness. become more important for the design of cold-formed stainless steel structural members. •. 5% chromium. 4301 (AISI 304) stainless steel was used in the tests [2]. Grade 304 stainless steel is generally regarded as the most common austenitic stainless steel. 94 mm )In order to better understand the role of uranium on the corrosion behavior of stainless in aqueous nuclear fuel reprocessing and decontamination operations, 304L stainless steel coupons were treated with nitric acid media at 45 °C and 90 °C in the presence of 0. Pierre-Jean, Working with Stainless Steel(Materials and Applications Series, Volume 2), Paris: Sirpe, 1998. Davis. ทนต่อแรงกระแทก – สแตนเลส 304 มีโครงสร้างที่มีความเหนียวที่สูง จึงทนต่อแรงกระแทก จะเหมาะสำหรับงานที่ต้องการความทนทานต่อ. 5 15 4000 30° 2. 64-Rubber (60 A Belt) Rubber (40 A Belt) . Type 304 has a maximum carbon of 0. 4307 respectively. 67. while stainless steel plates can be calculated based on 1. 304 Stainless Sheet may become slightly magnetic when worked and is not heat treatable. The K-factor is usually somewhere between 0. The following data sheet summarize the minimum strength of SS304 in various versions of ASTM standards. 3 x 10-6 /°C. Rp50. To understand how the nut factor compares to the terms in the long-form equations, let’s consider the so-called Motosh equation: × [ (P/2 ) + (μ/cos ) + (μ = input torque, = fastener preload. Grades of stainless steel in the 18-8 series include, but not limited to; 302, 303, 304 and XM7. It has. 73 °F: Minimum Service Temperature: 0: 0: K-459. To achieve stainless corrosion resistance, the amount of chromium (Cr) should not be less than 13%. Grade 440C stainless steel is a high carbon martensitic stainless steel. gov Stainless steel is a type of steel that contains less than 2% carbon (C) and more than 2% iron. Zinc Plated Steel. If cost is a prime factor, 410. It demonstrates high toughness at lower temperatures, and shows up in the appliance, architecture, and food service industries. 467 0. 8×12. 030. com Online Metals Store. Stainless Steel: 304ss, 316ss, 410ss. 062). 527: BTU/lb: Maximum Service Temperature: 1023: 1198: K: 1381. 4)Alloy 304/304L (UNS S30400/ S30403) is the most widely utilized “18-8” chromium-nickel austenitic stainless steel. So best would be to ask the shop floor people on what they prefer for K factor w. 73: 1696. Both fasteners are stainless steel. 1. THE FORMING POTENTIAL OF STAINLESS STEEL 3 Forming potential Usual finishes suitable for forming: 2B, 2R and.